PSY
391D - Guidelines for Papers and Written
Assignments
- Organize your essay well. Think about the
best way to organize your essay before you write. Present your
material so that it easy for your readers to understand. Don't
expect them to fill in missing assumptions. Label each section of
your paper with a heading, which will make your organization easy
for the reader to see.
- Support your claims. Don't just state your
opinion on an issue. Explain your reasons for believing it.
Provide an argument that will persuade your readers that your
opinion is right.
- Consider how your readers will interpret it.
Think about what your readers don't know. Don't assume they know
everything you know. Explain things in a way that will make sense
to them, given their background. If you can, have someone else
read it and give you feedback.
- Plan ahead. If you hand in your essay early,
I may be able to give you suggestions for improvements that you
can make before the final paper is due. By starting early, you
will also be able to deal with any computer problems or
emergencies that might arise.
- Some sources are better than others. If you
are looking for information on scientific findings, you should
rely mainly on papers in scientific journals and books written by
researchers. Articles in newspapaers and news magazines are often
less accurate in reporting scientific results.
If you turn in a hard copy of your essay:
- Number the pages.
- If you do not staple or paper clip them together, then put
your name on each page.
If you submit it by e-mail:
- One of these methods usually works best.
- Copy the text from your word processor and paste it into
your mail program.
- Save your paper as a plain text file, and attach this file
to your e-mail.
- Leave at least one blank line between each paragraph.
- Do not indent quotes.
- Send it to kcave@psych.umass.edu

Psych 391D:
Consciousness
Kyle Cave
Psychology Dept.
U.
Mass.